Drive control for textile machinery



Sept. 18, 1945.

J. C. BODANSKY ET AL DRIVE CONTROL FOR TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed May 26', 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet l mww 1 mmw I e g a a @ALW 4.5%. v y

A TTORN E Y5 Sept. 18, 1945. J. c. BODANSKY ET AL 2,

DRIVE CONTROL FOR TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed May 26, 1944 5 SheetsSheet-2 Emmi" 1:7. 11/137 [er/e1",

BY WW A TTORNEYS.

dbim C. Bodazzskzr A;

p 1945- J'. c. BODANSKY ET AL 3 I DRIVE CONTROL FOR TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed May 26, 1944 5 Sheefns-Shet 3 FIG 3] 53 2] i 35 26 I 7 r" L .il i

LI E 59 H; a ll :9 w 1 h &

WITNESSES: INVENTORS; 0 Jbim a30awzsir & /fi La ErmsHaW/zzzew;

A TTORNEYS.

Sept. 18, 1945. J. c. BODANSKY ET AL DRIVE CONTROL FOR TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed May 26, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS: Joizzzafioam it? & .Er'izesijilgzjgke ATTORNEYS.

P 1 J. c. BODANSKY ETAL 2,384,879

DRIVE CONTROL FOR TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed May 26, 1944 v 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 18, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I 2,384,879 I muvn cou'mor. Fort TEXTILE MACHINERY John C. Bodansky and Ernest K. Whitener, Gastonia, N. C., assignors to CockerMachine and Foundry Company, Gastonia, N. 0., a corporation of North Carolina 12 Claims.

This invention relates to drive controls for textile machinery and, more particularly, to winding apparatus or machinery such as beam warpers of the kind ordinarily employed in drawing multiple warp yarns from individual supply spools, or cones on a creel, and winding them in the form of a continuous sheet upon beams in readiness for weaving purposes. In beam warpers as ordinarily constructed heretofore, the beams are rotated through frictional contact with a cylinder which is driven at a constant speed. Thus as the diameter of the yarn accumulations on the beam increases the speed at which the yarn is drawn from the creel increases and the yarn is accordingly subjected to correspondingly increasing tension. As a consequence the density of the accumulations wound upon the beam varies and resuits in unevenness in the cloth woven from the warps.

The primary object of this invention is to overcome the above mentioned disadvantage, that is to say, to make it possible to automatically maintain a constant speed in the yarn notwithstanding the gradual increase in the diameter of the beam during the winding operation so that the yarn accumulation on said beam will be of uniform density throughout.

Another object is to provide an improved method and means for controlling-the basic opcrating speed of textile machinery, and more particularly beam warpers, with associated electrical equipment whereby the yarn speed is kept .constant throughout the winding operation, even though the beam itself be driven from the beam journals.

Other objects and features of advantage will be hereinafter disclosed, or become clearly apparent Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken approximately on the plane designated by the angled arrows IV-IV in Fig. 3. d

Fig. 5 is. a vertical section on theplane indicated by the angled arrows V-V in Figs. 1 and 3.

Fig. 6 is a further, enlarged scale and broken, longitudinal section through the beam warper;

said section being taken substantially as indicated by angled arrows VI-VI in Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a detail view mainly in plan, with parts in section, and taken as indicated by the angled arrows VII-VII in Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a staggered plan section on an enlarged scale, taken approximately as indicated by the angled arrows VIII-VH1 in Fig. 3.

Fig. 9 1s a fragmentary plan section taken as indicated by the angled arrows IX-IX in Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevation taken as indicated by the angled arrows X-X in Fig. 8; and,

Fig. 11 is a wiring diagram showing how the improved drive controlling mechanism of this invention is electrically governed.

In describing the form of this invention exemr plified by the above mentioned drawings herewith, specific terms will be employed for the sake of clarity, but it is to be understood the scope of said ingention is not thereby limited; each such term being intended to embrace all equivalents which perform the same function for an analogous purpose.

Referring first, more particularly, to Figs. 1-3 of the drawings, the numeral l2 comprehensively designates a beam warper which, as usual, is provided at the topwith a reed it through which the warps H pass, more or less horizontally, en

route from supply spools IS on a creel I I to 9.

transverse guide-roller l1 and thence downwardly to the rotating beam it of the warper II, on which beam they are collected. The creel i6 is of a well known commercial type provided with drop elements is which rest on the individual warps II, and which are pivoted on a bus-bar or rod .20, in Figs. 1 and 11, while it will be understood that each row of such elements are similarly mounted across the stop board 2|. In the event of warp breakage, or exhaust, the drop elements I! fall into contact with another or paralleling contact element or bus-bar 22 and close a circuit 23, Fig. 11, to effect automatic stoppage of the beam warper II, in a manner later on explained. The rotating beam- I8 is removable from the warper l2, the protruding ends of its shaft 24, see Figs. 5 and' 9 to best advantage, being inserted laterally into longitudinal recesses 25 in a head 28 at the inner ends of stub-shafts 21 which are freely rotatable in bearings 28 afforded by the spaced side frames 29 of the warper 12, said stub-shafts 21 also having journal supports in bearing brackets 30 extending inward from said side frames. After mounting of the beam l8, fillers 3i, Fig. 9, are inserted into the recesses 25, of the shaft heads 26 to retain the reduced ends of the beam wheels 88 affixed to the stub-shafts 21, between the bearings 28 and the brackets 88, are connected by chain drives 89 with similar pinions 48 on a cross-shaft 4! which is journaled in bearings 42, in the side frames 28, in the lower rear portion ofthe warper l2. Power is transmitted to a multi-groove pulley it on the shaft 4 1, preferably through V-belt drive 44-, from a D. C. main motor '45, Figs. 1 and 2.

Cooperative with the rotating beam i8, during the winding of the warps H on the latter, is a hollow follower roll 45 which is mounted with interposition of ball bearings 4i, Fig. 6, for free rotation about a shaft #53 whereof the opposite ends are fixed in a pair of angularly-movable arms 49. As shown the arms 49 are in turn amxed to a rock-shaft 88 journaled in bearings 51 on the side frames 28 of the warper i2, near the bottom and rearwardly relative to the cross-shaft 4i. Also as shown to best advantage in Figs. 3 and 4, the follower roll 48 is maintained in pressure contact with the yarn accumulating on the beam l8, with capacity to yield as said accumulation grows in diameter, by a pair of links 52, Figs. 3 and 7, which are pivotally connected respectively to the arms 48 at 53, and to the side frames 29 of the warper i2 by a rod 84. Each of the links 82 comprises a pair of lapping components 55 and 58, see Fig. '7, one, 58 for example, having a laterally projecting stud 81 which passes through a longitudinal slot 88 in the other. The link components 55 and 58 are maintainedin frictional contact with each other by a regulatable helical spring 59 in compression between a washer 58 on the stud 5T, bearing against the component 55, and an adjuster nut-wheel 5i in threaded engagement on the outer I end of said stud.

To adapt the beam warper l2, as described up to this point, to the present improvements one of the arms 59, the right-hand in Fig. 4 for example, is provided with spaced bearings 62 in which a shaft 83 is journaled. A miter pinion 84 at the upper end of the shaft 53 meshes with a companion pinion G5 at the outer end of a short shaft 86 which extends through a relatively elbowed bearing boss 81 on the arm 49. A spur component 88 on the inner end of the short shaft 88 receives motion through an idler 88 from a spur pinion 18 on the diametrically-reduced extension H of the hub of the adjoining head 12, of the follower roll 48. At its lower end the shaft 88 carries a beveled gear 18 which drives a crown-gear I4 with an integrally formed sleeve-like hub 18 mounted to rotate freely on the rock-shaft 88 between the fulcrum-boss 18 of the arm 48 and the bearing ll of the warper side-frame 28. Afilxed to a reduced part of the sleeve hub 18 is a sprocketwheel 11 which through a chain drive 18 is connectcd to of sprocket-wheel 18 on the in-put shaft 88 of a differential gear-unit 8|, Fig. 8, of which the casing 82 is supported by a bracket 88, Figs. 1 and 3, bolted to the side frame 28.

Referring to Fig. 8 it will be noted that within the casing 82 of the diflerential gear-unit II, which is preferably of the three shaft-type, that is to say, the in-put shaft 88 carries a spur gear 84 which meshes with a similar gear 88 integrally formed with a sleeve 88, at the outer end of the latter. As shown the sleeve 88 is mounted for free rotation on the bushing 81 of a bearing-boss 88, on the proximate side wall 82 of'the casing 82. Rotative within the bushing 81 is a second in-put shaft 88 whereof an inner portion extends into a bushing 88 set axially into another sleeve 8| whereof the outer end is reduced as at 82 and Journaled in the liner sleeve 88 of a bearing-boss 84, on the opposite'side wall 82" of the casing 82. Pinned to the shaft 89 is a collar 95 embodying diametral trunnions and 98" for bevel pinions 88 and 81 which mesh with bevel-gears 88 and 88 respectively and, preferably, formed integral with the contiguous ends of the sleeves 8G and ii. A sprocket wheel I88 fixed to the outer end of the shaft 88 is connected by a chain-drive i8! with a similar gear I82 on a transmissi n shaft I83, journaled in the bearing portions Hitof a pair of spaced standards 188. The transmission shaft III also carries a large sprocket wheel I88 which is driven through a chain I8! from a D. C. pilot-motor I88, rigidly attached to the proximately-related side frame 28, of the beam warper i2. At I88 is indicated a rheostat whereof the shaft i H is aligned with and coupled at l l E, to the aligned end of another transmission shaft i if, journaled in the bearing portion H! of a standard H4. Amxed on the opposite end of the transmission shaft "2 is a disk H5 having a friction-material element iii in contact with the contiguous face of a sprocket wheel Ill, loose on said transmission shaft, and which is connected by a chain [IS with a sprocket pinion H8 fast on the protruding end of a trunnion or out-put stubshaft I28, at the outer end of the sleeve 9! of the differential unit M. A regulatable coil spring 12 i in compression between a washer I22 in abutment with the outer face of the sprocket-wheel H1 and a pair of lock-nuts I23 engaged on the threaded end portion of the transmission shaft H2, serves to maintain said wheel in pressure contact with the friction facing H8 of the disk HS.

Referring now to Fig. 11 which diagrammatically illustrates conveniently associated electrical equipment, for controlling the mechanism above described, tomaintain the speed of the yarns l4 constant throughout the length of the warp regardless of the diameter developing on the beam [8, even though said beam be directly driven from its journals, or the stub-shafts 21. It is to be observed that by the hereinbefore disclosed means, the driving means 88, 88 and 48, which rotate the beam 48 receive their motive power by way of the v-belt drive ll, 48, 44 from the D. C. main motor 48; and that said motor is energized from an A. C.'motor generator I24.

The D. C. motor 48 is conveniently of 5 H. P., while its speed may be varied or controlled by the rheostat I88; however, incase the generator 124 and motor 48 should be series wound, such rheostat I88 is preferably placed in parallel with the series field of said generator, as indicated. The position of the contact arm I28 of the rheostat ill-Figs. 10 and l1-is determined by the output of the three-shaft differential unit 8|; one

in-put shaft 88 of said differential being connected through the sprocket-and-chaln drive 18, ll, I1 and rock shaft II, with the means 14, I8, 88,

84 and 88, to the shaft 48 of the hollow followerroll 48, which is biased against the yarn accumutrol equipment hereinbefore described, until the lating on the rotatable warp-beam I8: while said follower-roll 45 is rotated at the same peripheral speed as the surface speed of the yarns I4, of said beam I0. The other in-put shaft 09 of the differential M is connected by the sprocket-and-chain means I00, IOI, I02, shaft I03, and similar mechanism I08, I01 to the shaft I25, of the small D. C. pilot-motor I08, which is preferably about one eighth horse-power.

Now it will be readily apparent to those conversant with the art that, if the short-shaft 05,

meshing spur-pinions I0, 09 and 58, and the transmission I03 driven by the pilot motor I08, turn in opposite direction at the same R. P. M.; the difierential shaft-sleeve SI and out-put trunnion I20, which is connected through the pinion II9, chain I I8 and friction means I I5, I I to the shaft I I2, carrying the contact arm I of the rheostat I09, said out-put trunnion I20 does not rotate, and the contact arm I25, as a result, will not move.

' driven by the follower-roll 46 through the inter- On the other hand, if, for any reason, a difference should occur in the speed of one in-put shaft, 00 for example, relative to that of the other in-put shaft 89, the out-put shaft and trunnion means 9|, 92 and I20 respectively, will jointly turn and consequently move the contact arm I25, of the rheostat I09, in such a way as to change the speed of the main or D. C. motor 45, until the R. P. M. of both in-put shafts 80, 89 are brought back to corresponding rotation. Thus it will be clearly evident that the speed of the D. C. pilot-motor I08 positively determines the peripheral speed of the warper beam I8.

The pilot-motor I08 is, preferably, operated from a suitable rectifier I21, or other appropriate source of direct current, having a rheostat I28 in series with its armature I29; and by provision of such rheostat the speed of the pilot-motor I08 may be varied, consequently the basic operating speed of the warper-beam I8 is correspondingly changed.

The sequence of operation of the improved drive controlling means hereinbefore disclosed is as follows:

Assuming that I30, I3I and I32, at the righthand Of Fig. 11, indicate feed lines for the supply of any desirable voltage of alternating current, to

the electric equipment or system for activating the controlling means and primarily to the threephase motor-generator I24, the latter becomes energized on shifting the multiple-contact I33 of the starting-switch I34 to the right-hand, as viewed in said figure, but Without affecting the rest of the drive control, excepting that the interlock for said switch acts as an interlock for the remainder of the entire control. The D. C. pilot-motor I08, as well as the D. C. main motor 45, meanwhile remains motionless, while the rheostat I09 is in the position which will give lowest R. P. M. to said main motor 45 when it becomes energized. In other words, when the multiple-contact I33 is moved as aforesaid, current will flow-for example-from the feed line I30, splice I35 and second blade from the righthand side of contact I33, via service line I 35t0 A. C. motor-generator I24, with return by the line I3I-for instance-and the second blade from the left-hand side of the contact I33 to the splice I30 and line I3I; or, vice versa, current may pass from feed line I32, outer left-hand blade of the multiple-contact I33 to service line I39 and motor-generator I24, with return by line I31, as aforesaid, without passage of current from said generator to any other part or parts of the conmotor-generator push-button I40 is moved from the dotted position in Fig. 11 to the full-line showing thereof; as readily apreciable by those conversant with the art.

Now, in order to activate the control system or equipment. shown and described, a starter button I4 I, at either of the switch stations I42, I43 must be shifted or pushed-in to energize the 110 v.

coil I44 ,of the relay I45. In Fig. 11 the starter button I at the switch station I42 is assumed to have been moved for the just, previouslystated, purpose; and it will be understood that energizing of the coil I44 will shift the multiple blade device I45, to bridge the contactgap I41 and put current into service conductor I48, thereby energizing a, brake coil I49, shown at the left-hand of said figure, brake contactors I and I5I, as well as shifting the starting switch I52 of the D. C. main motor 45. Brake coil I49 merely releases a brake on a warp carrier roll, not shown, while brake contactors I50, I5I release the brakes on the D. C. 5 H. P. main motor 45, all as readily understood by those conversant with the art. The starting switch I52 passes current from the generator I24 into the motor 45, whereupon said motor starts at its slowest speed inasmuch as the rheostat I09 is at its lowest position.

Reieaseof the starter button I4I at either staion I42 or I43 results in putting 110 v.'A. 0. ourrent on service line I53, and since contacts I54 of relay I45, will also now be bridged, it follows that the coil I55 in the reversing switch i55 will be energized; while it also energizes the primary I51 of the transformer I58, the secondary I59 of said transformer already being closed across contacts I60 of relay I45.

As a result of all of the foregoing the warper I2 will be started slowly with the pilot-motor I05 standing still or inoperative, whereas the in-put shaft 80 of the differential unit 8| will be rotated by the follower-roll 46 through the drive I0, while the transmission shaft I03 which connects by the chain-drive IN to the pilot-motor I08 will not. The out-put shaft means 9 I, 92, I 20 of the differentialunit M, on the other hand, being connected to the rheostat I09 by the chain-drive H8 will turn slowly in such a direction as to tend to slow down the D. C. main motor 45, inasmuch as the shaft IIO of said rheostat has the slip-friction and stop means I I5, I I6, 50 that with the rheostat 509 at slowest position, theout-put shaft means SI, 92, I20 may continue to turn in the same direction.

When the starter button I4I is released and the coil I55 of reversing switch I56 energized; as aforesaid, the pilot-motor I00 starts driving the in-put shaft 89, with which it is coordinated through the chain-drive IOI, in the opposite direction and at the speed for which said motor is set. This speed being greater than that of the other in-put shaft 80 will cause the out-put shaft means M, 92, I20 to reverse its direction and move the rheostat I09 in a direction to increase thereof tends to steadily increase, with resultant improved drive and control hereinbefore disclosed is positively returned to the slow speed setting;

angularly far enough to bring the surface speed of the yarns i l on the beam l8 to that for which pilot-motor N38 has been set. When any yarn in the warps it breaks, th associated drop element E9, or elements, swings downwards to make electrical contact with the bus-bar 22 and thereby closes the 30 v. secondary I59 of the transformer i523 across the 24 v. coil l6! of a second relay i232 and thereby energizes said relay with separation of the contacts I63, by movement of the multiple-blade bar I64 to the left-hand of Fig. 11. Separation of the contacts I63, as aforesaid, breaks the circuit through the 110 v. coil M l, oi the relay H5, whereby contacts I" are opened and contacts 285 closed-as shown, such action also causing the starting switch I52 with brake contactors i511, ll to open and apply the brakes, in an obvious manner, for stopping the beam warper i2.

Now it will b further apparent that when the relay M5 is de-energized, contacts l54 become unbridged, while contacts iii are bridged, which interrupts current flow to the coil I55 of the reversing switch and transfers said flow to the coil 556 with resultant reversal'in the direction of rotation of the pilot-motor I08, whereby the beam warper i2 is brought to a stop, and said motor reversed. As a consequence of such action the rheostat arm 125, through the diilerential 8|, is moved to the slow-speed position.

As the slow-speed position of the rheostat I09 is attained, an associated switch I61 breaks the circuit to the coil 466, of the reversing switch 355, and thereby stops the pilot-motor buttons i613 and 569, respectively, accomplishes precisely the same actions as the opening of the contacts it? of relay M5 by the starter buttons iii; while closing of the circuit 23 on breaking of a yarn M effects a corresponding result; whereas all over-load and protective devices are connected into the same circuit established upon pushing-in any stop-button Ml, I68 or iii The jog" buttons l58 are connected into the and, as a result, said warper cannot be started at full speed and, due to the use of the differentialcontrolled rheostat I09, will gradually build-up to the operating speed; whereby sudden starting, which causes "skidding" of the follower-roll I6 is efiectively prevented. Furthermore, the yarn speed, remains constant regardless of the diameter of the beam I 8, but may be changed bysimply adjusting the rheostat P28 and thereby varyof the single rheostat 109, one of such rheostats being in series with the motor and the other in series with the field of the generator, to ensure variable voltage and field weakening control.

Having thus described our invention, we claim: 1. In textile winding machines including a source for supply of a multiplicity of individual yarns to a rotary collector with an associated follower roll, and electrically-activated control equipment, the combination of a motor-generator, a motor operative by current supplied from said generator, a differential-unit operative by the follower roll, and an associated rheostat set for a definite slow-speed position, said rheostat having means movable by the diilerential unit to accelerate or decelerate the speed of said motor,

whereby sudden starting-up of the winding mams. Pushing-in of any one of the jog, or stop,

circuit in such a way that when any one is pressed ,of the illustrated embodiment of this invention and referring to Fig. 11, the main circuits are respectively designated as follows: The letter 0 indicates the A. C. motor voltag circuit going to the A. C. end of the motor generator I: the letter 1) points out the D. '0. motor circuit connecting from the motor generator I24 to the D. C. main electric motor 45, rheostat I08 and starting switch I52: the letter c designates the circuit connecting-in the pilot-motor I88 through the switch 155: the lines d indicate the 110 v. A. C. control circuits: and the lines e. th low voltage or 32 v. stop motion circuit.

From the foregoing it will be seen that when the warper l2 stops, regardless of the cause, the

chine is positively prevented.

2. In textile winding machines including a source for supply of individual yarns to a rotary collector, a follower-roll cooperative with saidcollector, and associated electrically-activated equipment; the combination of a current-convertor; a motor, operative by current from said convertor, with drive means coordinated to the collector; a rheostat in circuit with the motor and set to control its basic operating speed; and a diilerential-device, actuable from the followerroll, for friction drive-and-release connection to the rheostat, whereby the-speed of the yarns is maintained constant throughout the winding operation.

3. In textile winding machines including a source for supply of individual yarns to a rotary collector-beam, a follower-roll cooperative with said beam, and associated electrically-activated equipment; the combination of a current-convertor; a motor, operative by current from said convertor, with drive means coordinated to the collector-beam; a rheostat in circuit with the motor and set to control its, basic operating speed; a mechanical-differential, actuable from the follower-roll, for friction drive-and-release by the rheostat; and a pilot-motor with a suitable rectifier, also in circuit with the motor aforesaid, under operative control by the differential, whereby the speed of the yarn peripherally collected on th beam is maintained constant throughout the winding operation.

4. In a winding machine including a source for supply of individual yarns to a rotary collectorbeam. and a follower-roll cooperative with said beam; the combination of an electric system including a current-convertor; a main driving motor served by currentirom the convertor, and means operatively coordinating the collectorbeam with said motor; a rheostat in the electric and operatively controlled from the mechanicaldifferential; and means for advancing the R. P. M. of the main driving motor, from its basic operating speed, concurrently with increasing accumulation of yarn on the collector-beam, whereby the peripheral speed of said yarn is maintained constant throughout the winding operation.

5. The combination of claim 4 wherein the current-converter is in the form of a three-phase motor-generator; the main driving motor is of the five horse-power direct-current type; and the pilot-motor is of the one-eighth horse-power direct-current species. 7

6. The combination of claim'4 wherein the mechanical differential is of the three-shaft type with one in-put shaft operatively coordinated to, and driven by. the follower-roll, and the other in-put shaft similarly connected to the main driving motor; and the out-put shaft is coordinated to the pilot-motor and the speed controlling.

rheostat with interposition of a friction driveand-release means, whereby the speed of said pilot-motor positively determines the speed ofthe collector-beam.

"I. The combination of claim 4 wherein the follower-roll is supported between spaced arms on a common rock-shaft, associated yieldable links bias said arms into pressure contact with the collector-beam, and mechanism, carried by one of the arms aforesaid. and operativeiy coordinated with the follower roll serves to drive the mechanical differential.

a. The combination of ciaim 4 wherein the electric'system includes an automatic starting switch for the main driving motor. and associated brake contactor means.

9. The combination of claim 4 wherein the electric system includes a reversing switch for the pilot-motor, a current rectiiier and rheostat serve current for operating said pilot-motor, and means are provided for adjusting said rheostat to vary the basic operating speed of the collector beam.

1i). The combination of claim 4 wherein the electric system further includes means controlling all necessary over-load and protective devices.

ll. In a yarn winding apparatus of the character described, an electric driven motor, a follower roll maintained in peripheral contact with a beam upon which thethreads are wound; a differential gear unit influenced by speed changes in the follower roll as the diameter of the beam increases; and regulatable resistance means in circuit with the drive motor and actuated from the differential gear unit to vary the speed of the peripheral contact with a rotating beam upon which the yarns are wound; a diii'erential gear unit driven by a constant speed pilot motor and influenced by speed changes in the follower roll, as the diameter of the beam increases; and ad- Justabie resistance means in circuit with the main motor actuated from th differential gear unit to vary the speed of the pilot motor for maintenance of uniform travel of the yarns during the winding.

. JOHN C. BODANSKY.

a HIST I. wnrrmm' 

